278 NUMERALS, PRONOUNS, I N D ECLI N A BLE S interpreted as a stem, and the acc. sg. termination added it naturally forms the basis of a fully inflected pronoun declined on the analogy of the other pronominal stems. If it had been an older stem with suffix -u, inflection after the style of the u- stems would be expected. The fact that in. contradistinction to all other u-s terns it inflects according to the thematic type (in its pronominal variety) indicates that it is a late creation peculiar to Sanskrit which has arisen in some such way as described above. The Sanskrit nom. sg. masc. fern, has an initial a- which is absent from Iranian haa. It is clear that this has arisen from the analogy of the amu- stem, and that Iranian hdu , represent- ing Indo-Ir. *sdu is the more original form. The nom. acc. sg. nt. adds is a form for which no analogy appears elsewhere. The most likely interpretation of this form is that it was really ado misinterpreted as being for adds in those sandhi contexts where -as becomes -0. In support of this explanation one instance of ado before initial p- can be cited from the RV. The nom. pi. amt and the remaining cases based on this stem are not easy to explain. It is suggested, but without any degree of certainty that an analogical diphthongal form amui was created corre- sponding to the diphthongal plural stems of the thematic pro- nouns (U <tai <toi, etc.) and that since this combination was new and unfamiliar (inherited u + i becoming vi~), it was un- stable and became changed to -1. §3. Indeclinables Some of the oldest types of adverb have been mentioned already in connection with the formation of nominal stems. It was observed that adverbs of the type pratdr r early ' are formed by means of suffixes that were originally used in the formation of neuter stems. Adverbs of this type have most commonly accent on the suffix which also appears in the endingless locatives, with which they are identical in formation. There is also a type with radical accent (anti, etc.) having the form of an unaltered neuter stem. The following is a list of adverbs of these types arranged according to suffix : Neuter stems without suffix : yugapad ‘ simultaneously anusdk ‘ in order -or ; avdr 4 down # , punar 4 again - tar : pratdr ' early sanutdr 4 away, apart antdr f inside ’ ; -tur : sanitur ‘ away,
