510 Short-toed Lark, Alouette pispolette, 109; cf. vartaka vardhamana-kapota, Dukula aenea, Green Imperial Pigeon, Carpophage pauline, 251, 253, 255 varsa-priya, Cacomantis passerinus, Plaintive Cuckoo [Grey-bellied C.]. Coucou à tête grise, 131 valgulā, Burhinus ocdicnemus, Stone Plover (Curlew) [Eurasian Thick-knee]. Oedicnème criard, 39 väka, Nycticorax nycticorax, (Black- crowned] Night Heron, Bihoreau gris, 405 vák-kára, noisy birds including Laughingthrushes (Garrulaxes) and Babblers (Cratéropes), 28 vaja, Accipiter gentilis, [Northern] Goshawk, Autour des palombes, 220, 221, 235ff., 241 vaja-raja, Spizactus cirrhatus, Crested Hawk Eagle [Changeable H. E.J. Aigle huppé, 211 vāji, vājika, Accipiter gentilis, [Northern] Goshawk, Autour des palombes, 220, 236 vāji, Accipiter gentilis, [Northern] Goshawk, Autour des palombes, 220, 235, 236, 241 vätäsin, Apus affinis, (Common) House Swift, Martinet des maisons, 166 vayasa, any of the Corvidae, tribe Corvini, genus Corvus (Crow / Corbeau, Corneille), Iff.; esp. Corvus splendens, House Crow, Corbeau familier, 2 vayasantaka uluka, Bubo coromandus, Dusky Horned Owl [Dusky Eagle O.]. Grand-duc de Coromandel, 181 vărata, Eupodotis bengalensis [Houbaropsis b.), Bengal Florican, Outarde du Bengale, 325, 330 varana, Otis tarda, Great Bustard, Grande Outarde, 327, 328 väri-kanka, Ardea cinerea, Grey Heron, Héron cendré, 400, 401 vārtika, not to be confused with: Calandrella rufescens, Lesser (Rufous) Short-toed Lark, Alouette pispolette, 109; cf. vartaka värdhrīnasa, any of the Bucerotidae (Hornbill / Calao), 159, 161, including the Aceros nipalensis, Rufous-necked Hornbill, Calao à cou roux, 159, 160 väsa, Accipiter nisus, Indian Sparrowhawk [Eurasian S.), Épervier d'Europe; Accipiter gularis, Asiatic Sparrowhawk JJapanese S.J. Épervier du Japon, 220ff., 236; general term for small Hawks, 237 vikakara, Pterocles indicus, Painted Sandgrouse, Ganga indien, 265 Birds in Sanskrit Literature vit-särika, Sturnus contra. [Asian] Pied Myna, Étourneau pic, 85, 87 vidīgaya, Otis tarda, Great Bustard, Grande Outarde, 328 visālākṣa, cf. garuda, a mythical bird; esp. Aquila chrysactos, (Himalayan) Golden Eagle, Aigle royal, 207 visoka, Coracias benghalensis, Indian Roller, Rollier indien, 17, 18, domestic Cock, 18 visvaka, any of the Glareolidae, subfamily Glareolinae, genus Glareola (Pratincole / Glaréole), 335
- visuvi, idem, 335
viskiräb, "scratchers" (Fr. "gratteurs"), at group of birds identified in Ayurvedic texts, XV, 28, 92, 137, 170, 268, passim vişnu-dharma, 207, cf. visäläksa vişnu-lingaka, Pericrocotus flammeus, Scarlet Minivet, Grand Minivet; Pericrocotus brevirostris, Short-billed Minivet, Minivet à bec court, 58, 59 vihära, Rhipidura aureola, White-browed Fantail (Flycatcher), Rhipidure à grands sourcils, 54 vici-kaka, any of the Laridae, genus Larus (Gull /Goéland, Mouette), 343 vijana, a kind of Phacsant (Fr. Faisan), 273 vrksa-kukkuta(-sakuna), a generic term for Picidae (Woodpecker / Pic). 26, 119 vrtti-tittiri, Francolinus gularis, Swamp Partridge (S. Francolin), Francolin multi- raic, 284 vyddha-kāka, Corvus corax, [Common] Raven, Grand Corbeau, 4, 5, 20 vrsayana, Passer domesticus, House: Sparrow, Moineau domestique, 92 vrsärava, Cuculus varius, Common Hawk Cuckoo (or Brainfever Bird). Coucou shikra, 168, 169 velädhara, Dromas ardeola, Crab-plover, Drome ardéole, 336; Raphus cuculiatus, Dodo, Dronte de Maurice, 398f. vesara, male of the Accipiter virgatus, Besra (Sparrow-hawk), Épervier besra, 220, 221; Accipiter nisus, [Eurasian] Sparrowhawk, Épervier d'Europe, 220, 236 vesará, small Hawks, 237 vainateya, cf. garuda; esp. Aquila chrysactos, (Himalayan) Golden Eagle, Aigle royal, 192, 199 vailätaka, Dromas ardeola, Crab-plover, Drome ardéole, 336 vyaghinasa (P; *vyägghinasa is likely. incorrect; not in PED, but Ja VI vs 2099 v. lohalalpittha), any of the Bucerotidae (Hornbill / Calao), including the Aceros Index Sanskrit nipalensis, Rufous-necked Hornbill, Calao à cou roux, 159 vyangin kuff, Apus affinis, (Common) House Swift, Martinet des maisons, 166 vyāghräta, Calandrella rufescens, Lesser (Rufous) Short-toed Lark, Alouette pispo- lette, 109 vyoma-läsikä, Alauda gulgula, Indian Small Skylark [Oriental Skylark], Alouette gulgule; or Alauda arvensis, (Eurasian] Skylark, Alouette des champs, 109, 155 Ś Sakatāra, Sakațála. Neophron percnopterus, (White) Scavenger Vulture [Egyptian V.J. Vautour percnoptère, 193 Sakatavila, Fulica atra, [Common] Cool, Foulque macroule, 300 sakuna, Gyps indicus, (Indian) Long-billed Vulture (or Indian Griffon). Vautour indien, 191 Sakuna-grdhra, idem, 188 sakuni, Milvus migrans, Pariah Kite [Black K.J. Milan noir, 1, 245, 246 Sakunta, a bird in general, 58; Neophron percnopterus, (White) Scavenger Vulture [Egyptian V.]. Vautour percnoptère, 188, 192-192; Gypactus barbatus, Lammergeyer (or Bearded Vulture), Gypaète barbu, 192, 193 sakuntaka, a bird in general, 58 Sakunta-balaka, a small bird in general, 90- sakuntika, a small bird, explained as a kapiñjalf: female of the Francolinus pondicerianus, Grey Partridge [Grey Francolin), Francolin gris, 58; or Bush Quails (Fr. Perdicules), cf. alpa-kapinjala Sankara, Sturnus pagodarum, Brahmany Myna [B. Starling]. Étourneau des pagodes, 86 Sanku-hamsa, Anas acuta, [Northern] Pintail, Canard pilet, 455 Sata-patra, Psittacula cupatria, Large Indian Parakeet [Alexandrine P.]. Perruche alexandre: Pavo cristatus, Peacock [Indian Peafowl], Paon bleu; various Picidae (Woodpecker / Pic), 119 sata-patra-suka, Psittacula cupatria. Large. Indian Parakeet [Alexandrine P.J. Perruche alexandre, 143 Sabalikā, Elanus caeruleus, Black-winged Kite (Black-shouldered K.J. Élanion blac (or blanc), 246 511 Sara-kaulika, Ploccus benghalensis, Black- throated Weaver [Black-breasted W.]. Tisserin du Bengale, 89 sara-cataka, any of the Silviidae, subfamily. Acrocephalinac, genus Acrocephalus (Reed Warbler/Rousserolle), 69 Sarabha, any of the Pelecanidae (Pelican / Pélican), 231, 370 Sarabhr, Saroglossa spiloptera, Spotted- winged Stare [Spot-winged Starling]. Étourneau à ailes tachetées, 82 Sarātikā (sarātī), Threskiornis aethiopicus [T. melanocephalus]. White Ibis [Black- headed I.], Ibis sacré, 353, cf. 382 sarāti, Rynchops albicollis, Indian Skimmer, Bec-en-ciscaux à collier, 353 sarări, idem, 352, 353, 450 Sarärf, idem, 351-353, 450 Sarali, Sarall, Dendrocygna javanica, Lesser Whistling Teal [Lesser Whistling-duck], Dendrocygne siffleur; Dendrocygnal bicolor, Large Whistling Teal [Fulvous) Whistling-duck, Dendrocygne fauve, 353, 450 śasa-ghati, various Hawk Eagles (Fr. Aigle montagnard, Aigle huppé, Aigle botté, etc.), 210 Sasaghnr, idem, 199, 210, 211 śasāda, idem, 210, 211, 220, 221 Sasada-syena, idem, 210; Spizactus Crested Hawk Eagle. [Changeable H. E.), Aigle huppé, 210 śasolūka, Asio otus, Long-cared Owl, Hibou moyen-duc, 179 cirrhatus, sakuneya, according to Dave, auspicious birds in general, 177 Sänvali, Eupodotis bengalensis [Houbaropsis. b.), Bengal Florican, Outarde du Bengale, 330 Sära-pada, Ithaginis cruentus, Blood Pheasant, Ithagine ensanglantée, 281 śärikā, Gracula religiosa, Hill Myna (or Grackle), Mainate religieux (talking cage- bird); Acridotheres tristis, Common Myna, Martin triste (noisy bird of ill omen), 81f. Särga, Särnga(ka), any of the Meropidae (Bee-eater/Guêpier), 148, 149, 151, 152 śärnga, Särgika, female of the Meropidae (supra), 149, 151 Salamali-stha, 73, cf. salmala Saliva, Falco peregrinus, Peregrine Falcon, Faucon pèlerin, 220, 221 Salmala, Aquila chrysaetos, (Himalayan) Golden Eagle, Aigle royal, 73 sikära, Accipiter badius, Shikra, Épervier shikra, 236ff.
