Lesson IX. X. 51 20. Here in the street the two kings' dismount from their back* horses”. 21. The seer’sº two sons are eminent* in learning' (instr.). 22. From fear of the wicked' hunters? (abl.) two birds* fly up". 23. At twilight' (loc. du.) the seers ($ 13, 3) reverence* the gods”. 24. In the street of the village' the teacber and the scholar meet6. 25. We two sacrifice? to the gods for ourselves; we do not* sacri- fices for Hari?. rey Is Lesson X. 168. Verbs. Passive Inflection. A certain form of present- stem, inflected with middle endings, is used only with a passive meaning, and is formed from all roots for which there is occasion to make a passive conjugation. Its sign is an accented y ya added to the root, without any reference to the classes according to which 17 the active and middle forms are made. The inflection is precisely like that of other a-stems. Thus, na tanyé, Nazê tanyáse, para tanyáte, etc. 169. Outside the present-system middle forms may be used in a passive sense; but there is a special form for the aor. pass. in the 3rd sing. 170. The form of root to which the passive-sign is appended is usually a weak one. Thus a penultimate nasal is dropped; and certain abbreviations which are made in the weak forms of the perfect, or in the past passive participle, are found also in the passive present-system. E. g. from 77, pass. Esta; from qat, awa. Roots in pres. vat 171. In the roots 77. go, gą, qx, 96, and €9, tbe a va becomes 3 u in the pres.; thus, gera, gua, gora (see note to 5102), सुप्यते. Similarly, यज makes इज्यते, and ग्रह and प्रछ rnake ya १ . Tga and Tantâ; Tih makes frea. graag saçi III pra>p! Univ Calif - Digitized by Microsoft ®
