Lesson VIII. 45 Son Singular. Dual. Plural. 1. वदे ०dde Utos vádāvahe वदामहे ०ddanRahe 2. À vádase वर्दथे ०ddethe aga vadadhve 3. a vádate of a rádete वदन्ते addonte 153. The ending of the 3rd pl. is properly on ante (cf. fari nti for ofan anti in the act.); before the Q e of the 1st sing. the stem-final is dropped. v ethe and pa ete are hard to explain. 154. With verbs inflected in both voices, the chief force of the middle is this, that the action is performed for the benefit of the actor himself; thus, yrfa yájati ‘be sacrifices' (for some one else); yga yájate be sacrifices for himself. But many verbs are conjugated only in the middle, like the Latin and Greek deponents. 155. The verb A m?, 'die', makes foga mriyáte in the pres- ent; and jan, 'give birth', substitutes as present mid. Etteä jáyate, “be born'. 156. Combination of final and initial vowels. Two simple i ti si vowels, either or both of them short or long, coalesce and forml+14 74 the corresponding long vowel. For the a-vowels, sce above, $ 105. Thus: 1. Ti or 7 + Fi or fi= $i; e. g. Tra fa gacchati iti becomes a enfa gacchati 'ti. 2. B u or 37 û + B u or Biū = 3r ú; e. g. FTY 374 sõdhu uktam becomes FTTH sādhū 'ktam*. 157. The i-vowels, the u-vowels, and ?, before a dissimilar ***ạy vowel or diphthong, are regularly converted each into its own + * > V
corresponding semivowel, a y or a v or yr. Thus, fagfa 3 tişthati atra becomes frere tişthaty atra (four syllables); a nadī atra becomes 007 nady atra; HY 7 madhu atra becomes मध्व madhe atra; कर्त रह karty tha becomes कर्चिह kartr ha. O
- And theoretically 3. R! +
uo occurrence. ?= Rp. but probably this bas Univ Calif - Digitized by Microsoft ®
