180 Lesson XLIII. forms, where the root-vowel is gunated, the reduplicating vowel is protected from combination by the insertion of g or a ; thus, 8, strong perfect-stem ga (i-y-es) weak * (i. e. i-is); 37, strong 3ata (u-v-oc), weak 377 (u-uc). 5. Roots beginning with vowels long by nature or position do not in general make the ordinary perfect-system, but use instead a periphrastic formation (see below). But 779 is an exception, making the constant perfect-stem 979; and a few roots with initial or show the anomalous reduplication 19 in the perfect.* 449. Strong and weak forms. In the three persons sing. act. the root-syllable is accented, and exhibits usually a stronger form. As regards the strengthening: 1. In roots with medial vowels long by nature or position, and in those with initial 7, the difference of strong and weak forms does not appear, except in accented texts. 2. Medial and initial vowels are gunated, if possible, in the strong forms; thus, fute, w. faufz, s. fae; gu, w. 69, s. 99; 377, w. 377, s. 31a (§ 448, 4). 3. Medial up before a single final consonant is vriddhied in the 3rd pers., and optionally in the 1st; thus, from 9a, in 1st sing. either पपच् or पंपाच्, in 2nd पपच्, in 3rd पपाच्. 4. A final vowel takes either guna or vrddhi in the 1st person, guna in the 2nd, vrddhi in the 3rd; thus, from aft, in 1st fatã or faa, 2nd fa, 3rd faa. 450. The root H makes, irregularly, the perfect-stem a, and adds a before a vowel-ending. 451. Some roots, instead of strengthening the vowel in the DTMs
- The grainmarians prescribe (doubtless falsely) this redupli-
cation for all verbs beginning with or followed by more than one consonant. Univ Calif - Digitized by Microsoft ®
