उपहित
which is used in the Krama and other recitals when Vedic reciters show separately the two words compounded together by uttering the compound word first, then the word इति and then the two compound words, e.g. सुश्लोक ३ इति सु-श्लोक। विभावसो इति विभा-वसो. The Kāśikā defines the word उपस्थित as समुदायादवच्छिद्य पदं येन स्वरूपे अवस्थाप्यते तद् उपस्थितम् । इतिशब्दः । Kāś.on VI.1.129. The Ṛk-Prātiśākhya explains the word rather differently, but in the same context.The word after which इति is placed is called upasthita e.g. the word बाहू in बाहू इति or विभावसौ in विभावसो इति as contrasted with स्थित i.e. the word without इति e.g. बाहू or विभावसो, as also contrasted with स्थितोपस्थित i.e. the whole word विभावसो इति विभाsवसो which is also called संहित or मिलित; (2) occurring, present; cf कार्यकालं संज्ञापरिभाषम् . यत्र कार्यं तत्रोपस्थितं द्रष्टव्यम् । Par.Śek. Pari.3. उपहित (l) with, preceded by; e g. दीर्घोपहित, ह्रस्वोपहित; (2) sticking to, connected with, 'उपश्लेषित': cf.Durga on Nir.V.12;(3) coming to be plac- ed near or in juxtaposition with the preceding word: cf. आवोन्तोपहितात् सतः R. Pr. II.15. उपांशु lit. inaudible. The word is explained in the technical sense as the first place or stage in the utterance of speech where it is perfectly inaudible although pro- duced; cf. उपांशु इति प्रथमं वाचः स्थानम् Com. on T. Pr. XXIII, 5. उपाचरित (l) sibilation substitution of a sibilant letter for a visarga: cf. प्लुतोपाचरिते च R.Pr. XI.19; (2) name of the saṁdhi in which a visarga is changed into a sibilant letter; cf. सर्वत्रैवोपाचरितः स संधिः R. Pr.IV.14 which corresponds to Pāṇini VIII.3.18 and 19. |
उपाचार change of Visarga into s (स्); sibilation of Visarga, e. g. ब्रह्मणः पतिः = ब्रह्मणस्पतिः. The words उपचार and उपाचरित are found used in the same sense by ancient Grammari- ans. See उपचार; cf. समापाद्यं नाम वदन्ति षत्वं, तथा णत्वं सामवशांश्च सन्धीन् । ...उपाचारं लक्षणतश्च सिद्धम् , आचार्या व्यालिशाकल्यगार्ग्याः R. Pr. VIII.12. उपादान hypothesis, presumption, acceptance. उपाद्य lit. near the first; second. उपाधि condition, limitation, determi- nant, qualification: e.g. न हि उपाधे- रुपाधिर्भवति, विशेषणस्य वा विशेषणम् M.Bh. on I.3.2 as also on V.1.16; cf. also इह यो विशेष उपाधिर्वोपादीयते द्योत्ये तस्मिंस्तेन भवितव्यम् । M.Bh. on III.1.7. उपान्त lit. near the last; penultimate. The word is generally found used in the Cāndra Vyākaraṇa. उपान्त्य see उपान्त; the word is gene- rally found used in the grammars of Śākaṭāyana and Hemacandra. उपोत्तम lit.one near or before the last; the term is generally used in con- nection with words having two or more syllables, where it means the vowel before the last (vowel); cf. उपोत्तमं रिति P. VI.1.217 and योपधाद्गुरूपोत्तमाद्वुञ् P.V.1.132 where the writer of the Kāśikā explains it as त्रिप्रभृतीनामन्त्यमुत्तमं तस्य समीपमुपोत्तमम् । giving रमणीय and वसनीय as examples where the long ई is upottama; cf. also T.Pr. XI.3. and Nir.I.19 where the word refers to the third out of the four feet of the verse. उपोद्बलक a supporting assertion or statement; cf तस्यैवोपोद्बलकमेतत् M.Bh. on I.2.64. Vārt. 38-39. उभयगति both the alternatives; both the senses; double signification; cf. उभयगतिरिह भवति P.I.1.23,Vārt 4,Pari. Śek, Par. 9 where the word ubhaya |
