20 TRUE LONGITUDES OF THE PLANETS [ CH. II results are again the Sun's bahuphala and kotiphala). (Making use of them calculate the Sun's distance afresh: thus is obtained the second approximation to the Sun's distance). (Repeat this process again and again and thus) by the method of successive approximations obtain the nearest approximation to the Sun's (true) distance. For the Moon, too, this is to be regarded as the method for finding the nearest approximation to the true distance. 1 The distance obtained by the above method is in terms of minutes and is called mandakarija. As it is based on the method of successive approxima- tions, it is also known as asakrtkalakarna or avisesakarna. For the rationale, see my notes on MBh, iv. 9-12. A rule for finding the true daily motion (called karnabhukti) of the Sun and the Moon: 8. Multiply the mean daily motion (of the Sun) by the radius and divide (the product) by the (Sun's true) distance (in minutes): the result is the Sun's true daily motion (known as karnabhukti or karnasphufabhukti). For the Moon, too, this is the method. 2 That is, e > » j m /i ,, , ., Sun's mean daily motion X R Sun's true daily motion (karnabhukti) =- — ; - Sun s true distance in minutes » w > * ... . ' .. , A .. Moon's mean daily motion X R Moon s true daily motion (karnabhukti) = ' Moon's true distance in minutes where R is the standard radius (=3438'). The true daily motion obtained by the above formulae was called karna- bhukti (meaning, "motion derived from the distance") because it was obtained by proportion from the true distance of the Sun or Moon. A rule for the determination of the Sun's true daily motion (called jiuabhukti): 9-10. Divide by 225 the (Sun's) mean daily motion as multiplied by the current Rsine-difFerence. Multiplying the result
- 'Cf.'Af£A, iv. 9-12.
- Cf. MBh, iv. 13.
