( 212 ) APPENDIX B. KALIDASA AND MUSIC. BY SARDAR G. N. MUJUMDAR, POONA. Much has been said about Kālidāsa by both Western and Eastern scholars with regard to the different aspects of his works, such as the Alankāras, the religion, the philosophy etc. contained in his works. But no one has, as far as I know, dealt with Kālidāsa's music. This is my humble attempt to lay before this learned assembly a critical review of his seven works viz, Raghuvamsa, Kumārasambhava, Meghadūta, Rtusamhāra, Abhijnānasākuntala, Mālavikāgnimitra and Vikramorvasiya, considered from the musical point of view. I deal with this subject in its three aspects: (A) vocal music, (B) instrumental music and (C) dancing. (A) VOCAL MUSIC. 1. Kālidāsa seems to have a good musical ear. While describing the sweetness of Pārvati's voice he records his own experience of the harsh and disagreeable sound of a discordant Veenā.1 2. Kālidāsa was a musician. He knew several Rāgas. In Kumārasambhava he says that Siva was awakened by the Kinnaras, who sang to him the कैशिक Rāga by means of several 1 स्वरेण तस्याममृतस्रुतेव प्रजल्पितायामभिजातवाचि । अप्यन्यपुष्टा प्रतिकूलशब्दा श्रोतुर्वितन्त्रीरिव ताड्यमाना॥ -कुमार० 1.45.
