8 o PHONOLOGY original, and it is due to the analogy of the palatals of the later series operating after the two had fallen together in pronunciation* §9, Developments of s in Indo-Iranian and Slavonic In Sanskrit it is the rule that the dental sibilant must be re- placed by the cerebral after k, r, r, i and u. By a similar rule in Iranian $ (>Ir. h) is replaced by s. Further in the Slavonic languages s is usually replaced by ch in these conditions, and this ch represents an earlier s. In Lithuanian a similar change is found, but only after r . Examples are : After k ; (Skt. ks, Ir. xs, Slav* ch<kx<ks) Skt. vaksyami, Av. vaxiyd ; Skt* ksudrd- 4 small cf. O. SI. chudu ' id 1 ; Skt. araiksam , s-aor. of ric- 1 to leave ' (IE leik w -), Gk. eAen/ra ; cf. O. SI. techu, s-aor. of tekq ' I run After k : Skt. s : (Skt. ks, Ir. s, Slav, s), Skt. dksa- 4 axle Av. asa -, O. SI. osi, Lith, asis, Gk. agcov, Lat. axis ; Skt. daksina- ' right (hand) Av. datina-, O. SI. desinu , Lith. desinl, Gk. Sexto's 1 , Lat. dexter, etc, ; Skt. taks - ‘ to construct in wood (as a carpenter), Av. tas-, O. SI. tesati, Lith. tasj/ti, Gk. rexvr) ' art ' ( *Uksnd ), tIktwv ' carpenter ' ( ! Hdkstdn ), Hitt. taks- 4 to join ", Lat. texo 4 weave ’ ; Skt, maksu 4 quickly ', Av. mosa, Lat. mox. After r (and r) : Skt. vdrsman - 'summit vdrstyas - ' higher O. SL vrichu 4 summit Lith. virsus ' upper part ’ ; mrs- 4 to overlook, forgive ', marsa - ‘ forbearance ', Lith. mirsti 4 to forget marsas ‘ forgetfulness Toch. A. mars- 4 to forget ' ; dhrsnoti 4 dares O. Pers. adarsnaus 4 he dared cf. Gk. Qapvos f boldness ', Goth, gadars 4 dare ’, Engl, durst, etc. After i : Skt. pis- ‘ to pound 0. Slav, pichati 4 to knock, strike Lat. pinso ; trisu , loc. pi. of iri- 4 three O. SL trichu ; asvesu, loc. pi. of diva- 4 horse ", Av, aspaesu, cf. O. SL vlucechu lyluku 4 wolf ') ; visa- e poison Av. visa-, Lat. virus, Gk. toy. After u : jus - 4 to enjoy josa- 4 enjoyment Av. zaos-, cf. Lat, gusius, etc, ; mils- 4 mouse O. SL my si, Lat. mus, etc. ; suska- 'dry', sosa - 'drying up 1 , Av. huska - ‘dry’, O. Sl. suchu, Lith. sausas, Gk. avos ‘ id As can be seen, the parallelism between Indo-Iranian and Slavonic is not absolutely complete, because they differ in the treatment of that s which follows IE k (>Skt, s, Slav. 5 ). But in all other respects they agree, and the correspondence is too
