394 APPENDIX TO THE THIRD EDITION labials, whereas when the initial was a pure velar the weak form is in ir/ir. This is seen most clearly in the derivatives from the root gf-jgur 4 to welcome ' (original labio-velar) on the one hand, and gffgir - ' to sing * on the other. See further my article Sanskrit gfjgur - ‘to welcome' (BSOAS, 1957, pp. 133-144), and Szemerenyi, Einfuhrung in die vergleichende Sprachwissen- schaft, pp. 60-61, § 10. The most recent comprehensive discussion of IE mobile s is by F. Edgerton, IE s movable , Language 34, pp. 445^453- He takes it to be a sandhi-phenomenon due to the great fre- quency of final -5 in Indo-European. § 11. The subject matter of this section is dealt with in detail in my two articles, On the phonological history of Sanskrit ksdm- 4 earth fksa- 4 bear * and liksd 4 nit ', and Sanskrit ksi-: Gk. pQivio , in Journal of the American Oriental Society, 79, pp. 85-90 and 255-262, 1959. The subject is treated differently, but beginning from the same standpoint (IE dheghom- 4 earth etc.) by W. Merlingen in Mv-q^ x^P LV (Gedenkschrift Kret- schmer)II, 49 ff. 1957, and Die Sprache, 8, pp. 74-76, 1962. See also O. Szemerenyi, Einfuhrung in die vergleichende Sprach - wissenschaft, pp. 46-47. § 13. The literature on IE h and its varieties (‘ laryngeals ') since 1955 is extensive. A useful survey and summing up is to be found in W. Winter (ed.) Evidence for laryngeals, The Hague, 1965; especially to be recommended is E. Polome's intro- ductory survey in this volume: The laryngeal theory so far. A critical bibliographical survey (pp. 9-78) . § 17. On Fortunatov's law see my article A reconsideration of Fortunatov's law , BSOAS, 35, pp. 531-544, 1972, which con- tains a brief account of the disputes concerning this subject, as well as a defence of Fortunatov’s theory. As regards spontaneous cerebralisation it was made clear by H. W. Bailey in a series of articles from 1952 onwards that this has taken -place to a much greater extent than previously recognised. I have discussed this subject, adding to Bailey's material, in my article Spontaneous cerebrals in Sanskrit , BSOAS, 35. pp- 538-559. 1971- There are also some cases where the occurrence of cerebral -5-
