THE. FORMATION OF NOUNS 132 £ weapon ’ as well as ' blow tdrdma 4 hole mdrtna ‘ a mortal place, vital organ cdrtna 4 skin 7 , vdsma 4 garment etc. Like other neuter suffixes in -n this suffix is extended by t in Greek (gen. sg* owparos, etc.). A case of such extension is found in Skt. varimdt- 1 breadth 9 (inst. sg. varimatd RV. 1. 108. 2). The neuter suffix -t-er alternating with -t-en } which is so well represented in Hittite, has become exceedingly rare in other IE languages. Only isolated examples such as Lat. iter , Toch. ytdr 1 way 1 are quotable. In Sanskrit a solitary example of this kind appears to be preserved in RV. 6. 49. 6. ; jdgatah sthatar jdgad a krnudhvam, 4 may ye bring stability to the moving world Misunderstood by the redactors the form has been handed down without accent as if vocative of sthatar - ' stander and the passage has been rendered unintelligible. A restoration sthatar n. 1 stability 7 gives meaning to the line. Apart from this the neuter suffix -tar- appears in a small number of locative infinitives, e.g. dhartdri 4 to hold vidhartdri 4 to bestow In Avestan some dative infinitives are made with the same suffix : t 'id didr e 4 to look at 7 barzdre 4 to support These forms are interesting as showing that the neuter /'-stems were capable to som e extent of jbeing mflect ed t h r oi^ ^ of bemg_ nder what precise conditions this happened originally it is not now possible to say. Some adverbs appear with this suffix, having the usual change of accent : antdr ' inside 7 (: Lat. inter), pratdr 4 early ' (: Osc. pruter ), sanutdr 4 aside, apart 7 (cf. Engl, a-sunder). These imply old neuter nouns *an(ar 4 the interior etc. This type of adverb became very productive in Latin, aliter 4 other- wise 7 (cf. anydtr-a), breviter, leviier , etc. With additional suffix -d we get adverbs in -tra> e.g. sayutra ( in bed, abed and this suffix may, and normally does later, appear with a short vowel, anyatra 4 elsewhere dtra f here etc. Among the adverbs the Veda has some interesting collective formations : devatra 4 among the gods purusatrd 4 among men They may be explained by comparing Hittite forms like antuhiatar 4 the population, mankind 7 ( antuhsas 1 man 7 ). Similar neuter cob lectives *devatar , etc., lie behind these adverbial forms. A neuter suffix - tan is found only in naktdn- 4 night 7 (instr. pi, naktabkis). Alternating -r appears in Gk. vvktojp 4 by night 7 tp**' and Lat. nocturnus , This neuter suffix is found sporadically T
