NOTES
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Atman is not cognised is self-contradiction. Ve cannot affirm an attribute or negate an attribute, when we do not know the substrate. The statement that .luman is not cognised implies that Atman must have cognisability. 'Without such an implication the denial is of no meaning. Hence the self-contradiction of the Advaitin's statement. The Dvaitin, in support of the cognisability of the Atman, cites two inferences. The first inference has for its probandum cognisability and the probans is "being a thing". The defect of the non-establishment of the probans in respect of the subject is likely to be urged. The subject i.e., the Atman is not a thing. Hence the Dvaitin states a second inference which is not open to the said defect. The cognisability of the self is established in a round-about way by this inference. This pot is other than that cognisable which is different from that world that is other than this pot plus self. The example is any other pot, say X, this pot being" Y plus the self Z ". X is different from Y; Z is a cognisable entity which is other than the world different from thus by implication cognisability of Z is secured. Y The expression Brahman-knowledge points out that Brahman is the content of the cognition. Brahman-knowledge is not possible without Brahman being the content. The genitive case points out that Brahman is the content. The Advaitins contend that Brahman-knowledge means knowledge whose form is Brahman. That contention is dismissed after examining the several meanings of the term "form". The Dvaitin concludes that Brahman is an object of cognition and is cognised. Thus the adduced inconstancy of the probans, cognisability, in respect of Brahman is maintained. XX (188-200). The second probans "inertness" is taken up for criticism- and declared to be defective. Inertness is resolved into four- alternatives : (1) If inertness is construed as " not being the substrate of cognition ", there is.the defect of the partial non· establishment of the probans in respect of the subject. The subject
+z ;
