VSS. 4-8] AHARGANA 3 A lunar month is reckoned in Hindu astronomy from one conjunction of the Sun and Moon to the next. The first month of the year is called Caitra. A solar month is reckoned from the Sun's one transit into a sign to the next. A civil day is reckoned from one sunrise to the next. The Saka era referred to in the above rule started exactly 3179 solar years after the beginning of Kaliyuga. The following example will illustrate the above rule : Example. Calculate the ahargana for January 1, 1963 A D. From the Hindu Calendar we find that January 1, 1963 A.D., falls on Tuesday, the 6th lunar day (tithi), in the light half of the 10th month (Pausa), in the Saka year 1884 (elapsed). We therefore proceed as follows. Calculation : Adding 3179 to 1884, we get 5063. ... ... _ (J j Multiplying this by 12 and adding 9 (i.e., the number of lunar months elapsed since the beginning of Caitra), we get 60,765. ... (2) . ,«^nnn Plying ^ 15 ' 93 ' 336 " d dividin S the P^duct by 5 18,40,000, we get 1867 as the quotient. (The remainder is discard- • ed, as it is not needed).
- * *" * • . . (3)
Adding this number (i.e., 1857) to the previous one (i.e., 60 7651 we get 62,632: «>' u *v» .. (4) Multiplying this by 30 and adding 5 (i.e., the number of lunar days elapsed smce the beginning of the current month) to the pro- duct, we get 18,78,965. (5) 1,60,30,00,080, we get 29,400 as the quotient. (The remainder is dis- carded, as it is not needed.) / ** " ••• ... (6) iq ^n^r^ 5 th!S nUmber (i ' e -> 29 ' 40 °) from thc P™™™ one (i.e., 18,78,965) we get 18,49,565. ... _ (7) This is the required ahargana. Verification : Dividing this ahargana by seven, we get 4 as the remainder. This shows that January 1, 1963 A.D., falls on the 5th day counted with Friday, i e on 1 uesday, which is correct. Explanation : Kalifuga* 1 * ^ 8 ' VeS nUmber of solar y ears elapsed since the beginning of
