66 THE LUNAR ECLIPSE [CH. IV Sarikaranarayapa tells us how to find the times when a lunar eclipse is actually seem to begin and end. He says: “At the beginning, having diminished the sixteenth part of the Moon's diameter from half the sum of the diameters of the Moon and the shadow (then) having squared it and subtracted from it the s9uare of the Moon'slati tude, one should obtain half the (apparent)duration of the lunar e:lipse by the method of successive approximations. Or, one should multiply the sixtee nth portion of that (semi-duration) in minutes by 60 and divide by the difference between the daily motions of the Sun and the Moon, and then reduce that to ugbats etc. Having thus ascertained the corresponding time (in igha s etc.), the apparent instant of the first contact should be declared by adding that to the instant of the first contact. After that, in order to determine the instant of the last contact, the mosa-stliyardha obtained by the method of successive approximations should be added to the instant of opposition and the result taken, as before, as the instant of the last contact. There also the (apparent) time should be announced affer diminishing it by one-sixteenth (of the time corresponding to the m0 0-sthijyardha). Then adding the two ऽthijyardlhas (i.e., the spur3a - and moksa-ऽthijuardlhas), the sum) should be declared, in ghas etc., to be the duration of the eclipse. of In support of his statement , Sarikaranārāyapa* quotes the following verse carya Buatta Govinda bharati taderndagrahar:०मौः na bharatyale'rdla50ाpark८.* 1.८., When half the sum of the diameters of the Moon and the shadow dimi mished by the sixteenth portion of the Moon's diameter is greater than the Moon's latitude (for the time ofopposition), then does a lunar eclipse occur (i.e., is observed). When half the sum.of the diameters of the Moon and the shadow (diminished by the sixteenth part of the Moon's diameter) is smaller a lumar eclipse does not occur (i.e., is not observed The statement that the time of the middle of the eclipse is the same as that of opposition of the Sun and Moon is only approximately true. Am accurate expression for the difference between the two instants was first given by Game5a Daivaja (1520) From Saikaranārāyapa's comm. on the verse under consideration. See his comm. on LB, v. 9 शशिदेहाष्ट्यंशोनं सम्पर्कदलं यदा नतेरधिकम भवति तदेन्दुग्रहृपं च भवत्यल्पेऽर्धसम्पर्के ।।
