English Translation OF THE MAHĀ-BHASKARĪYA CHAPTER I MEAN LONGITUDE OF A PLANET AND PLANETARY PULVERISER Homage to God Śiva : 1. I bow to God Sambhu who bears on His forehead a digit of the Moon illumining all directions by its rays, to Him whose feet are adored by the gods and who is the source of all knowledge. Homage to planets and stars : 2. Glorious are the rays of the Sun lotus blossom forth, (and those) of the Moon which make the whose beauty is like that of the damsel's face, (as also are) the long and clear rays of the stars including Jupiter; so also is the lustre of Mars, Mercury, Saturn, and Venus. A benedictory stanza in appreciation of the Aryabhatiya and the pupils of Āryabhața I: 3. May the accurate Asmaka-tantra (asmaka m sphuta tantram), which has been acquired by penance, live long in the world for its excellent qualities. May also the pupils of (Arya)- bhata, who are free from sins and have conquered the enemies of passions, live long. The aśmakam sphuţa-tantram ("the accurate Asmaka-tantra"), accor- ding to the commentators Govinda Svāmi and Parameśvara, is the Ārya- bhatiya of Aryabhața I (born 476 A.D.). Govinda Svāmi writes : "By this (stanza) the author exhibits the greatness of the Arya- bhatiya, So also has said Parameśvara : "tapobhiḥ etc. is a benediction on the Aryabhaṭa-tantra and the pupils of Aryabhata." Exclusive references to Aryabhața I and his work at several places in the present work and the name Aryabhata-karma-nibandha ("a compen-
