CHAPTER VIII-CALCULATIONS REGARDING EACAVATIONS. 273 An example in illustration thereof. 62. In relation to the (place known) as vidyadhara-naylara, the breadth is 8, and the length is 12 The thickness of the sur- rounding wall is 5 at the bottom and 1 at the top. Its height is 10. (What is the cubic measure of this wall ?) Thus ends (the section on) the measuremçut of (brick) piles in the operations relating to excavations. Hereafter, we shall expound the operations relating to the work done with saws (in sawing wood). The definitions of terms in relation thereto are as follow- 63. Two hastas less by six angulas is what is called a hashu. The number measuring the courses of cutting from the beginning to the end of a given (log of wood) has the name of marga (or way). 64-66. Then, in relation to collections (of logs) of wood of not less than two varieties, consisting of teak logs and other such logs hereafter to be mentioned, the number of angulas measuring the breadth, and those measuring the length, and the number of margus are (all three) multiplied together. The resulting product is divided by the square of the number of ungulas found ma hasta. In operations relating to saw-work, this gives rise to a valuation (of the work as measured) in (what is known as) pattikas. In relation to logs (of wood) consisting of teak logs and other such logs, the number of hastas measuring the breadth and of those measuring the length are multiplied with each other, and (then) multiplied by the number of margus, and (thereafter) divided by the pultikas as above determined; this gives rise to the numerical measure of the work done by means of the saw. 63 to 67. Kashu=1 hasta. Maga is the name given to any desired course or line of sawing in a log of wood The extent of the cut surface in a log of wood measures ordinarily the work done in sawing it provided that the wood is of a definite hardness assumed to be of unit valne. This extent of the cut surface is measured by means of a special unit area which is called a pattika and is 96 angulas in length and one kisku or 42 angul asin breadth. It is easy to see that a paṭṭaka is thus equal to seven square hastas. 35
