Lesson XXIII. 95 0 WE- Masculine. Neuter. Sing. Daal. Plural. Sing Dual. Plural. N.V.जीवन जीवन्ती जीवन्तस जीवत् जीवन्ती जोवन्ति A. and all state in I. जीवता जीवद्याम् जीवद्भिस as in masculine. L. stafa bitarth gata 258. The strong form of these participles is obtained, me- chanically, by cutting off the final from the 3rd. pl. pres. (or fut.) ind. act.; thus, fafat gives strong form of pres. act. part. 79, weak ana; fagfm, fa8a and faga ; – qefa, Telan and नह्यत् ; - दण्डयन्ति, दण्डयन्त् and दण्डयत्; - भविष्यन्ति (fut.), hava and afgun. 259. But those verbs which in the 3rd. pl. act. lose the 7 of the usual fan (as e. g. the verbs following the reduplicating class in the present-system), lose it also in the present participle, and have no distinction of strong and weak stem. Thus, from 13, 3rd pl. pres. ind. act. ggfa, part. (only stem-form) g n: nom.- voc. sing. masc. J . acc. JgH; nom.-voc.-acc. du. gent, pl. J&TH ; nom.-voc.-acc. sing. neut. J&T, du. J at, pl. Jgfa.* 260. Only the present participles of verbs of the a-class, the ya-class, and causatives, invariably insert q in nom.-voc.-acc. du. neut. Present participles of the å-class, of the root-class when the root ends in , and all future participles, may either take or reject it; thus, neut. -sing. fama, du. fazat or faitait; after (fut.), du, करिष्यती or करिष्यन्ती; यात् (pres. part. from या, ‘go'), du. atat or eat. Participles of all other verbs, and all other stems in a, leave out the 7 in the du. neut.; thus, 757 (72 seat', root-class), du. H ati 261. The adj. HET, 'great', takes in strong cases the steni-
- The grammarians, however, allow these verbs to insert the
t in the nom.-voc.-acc. pl. neuter of the present participle. Univ Calif - Digitized by Microsoft ®
