230 Appendix. primitive, with the limitations given in 1. b.; thus, ránku, ránkava; gårga, gárgyaḥ, but gārgyắyaņā. A naturally short vowel in the penult, if followed by a group of consonants containing y or v, does not generally become long by position; thus, prábala, prába- lyam; úkta, úktatvāt. 3. In verbs and verbal derivatives joined with prepositions, in augmented and reduplicated forms, and sometimes in declensional forms, the accent is recessive, if the root or stem-syllable be short; thus, ágamat, änatam, anúşthitum, but utkřstam, nirúktam; ágamat, ákşipat, but bibhárti, tuştáva, jagău. Polysyllabic prepositions, when prefixed to other words, retain their own accent as secondary accent; thus, úpagăcchati, úpagămatām. 4. In compounds, unless the first member be a monosyllabic word, each part generally retains its own accent, but that of the principal member is the strongest; thus, rájapăruşam, párvataçi- kharākāram; but únmukham, diggajam, praçisyam. The division of syllables is much more apparent in Sanskrit than in English. In reading Sanskrit prose the Hindus generally drop into a sort of sing-song recitativo. Verses are always chanted. Univ Calif - Digitized by Microsoft ®
