xxxii Gauqapada-Karika Vedāntins as is clear from the expression अन्यै:. Similarly Kārika I-8, देवस्यैष स्वभावोऽयमाप्तकामस्य का स्पृहा does not contain Gaudapada's view, but has in mind the स्वभाववादिन्s, according to whom creation is real and can be attributed to the Lord's nature alone. The position as regards the Karikās in the first Prakaraṇa is therefore as follows: (1) The Kārikās do not form part of the Māndukyopanişad. They are as Anandagiri puts it, तद( उपनिषद् विवरणरूप. (ii) Gaudapāda could not have written the Upanişad which could not have under any circumstances any human author. (iii) Gaudapāda wrote the Karikās ; they are आचार्यप्रणीत as Anandagiri expressly says. 6 (iv) The Kårikås did not exist before the Upanişad, but were written long after. (v) In the case of other Upanişads where similar ślokas have been introduced, they are invariably shown as part of the Upanişads in the Mss of those Upanişads, whereas several Mss. of the Mându- kyopanişad contain only the prose portion. If the Karikās did not form part of the Upanişad, how did they come to be associated with it in such an intimate manner? Bearing in mind that this intimate association is found mostly in the com- mentaries on the Kārikás, the answer appears to be that the Karikās on account of their having the Māndukyopanişad as their basis, and their importance as a well-known work on Advaita, came as a rule 16 Sankarācārya quotes the karika { I. 16 ) अनादिमायया सुप्तो यदा जीवः प्रयुज्यते in his bhāsya on Brahmanūtea II. 1. 9, and the Karikā [II. 15 मृल्लोहविस्फुलिङ्गाद्यैः सृष्टियां चोदितान्यथा in the bhasya on I. 4. 14. The Karikas are वेदान्तार्थसंप्रदायविदाचार्यप्रणीत according to Sankara. Sureśvara, sankara's pupil, in his Naiskarmyasiddhi (V. 41-44 ) quotes two Karikas (I. 11 and 15 ) कार्यकारणबदौ ताविष्येते विश्वतैजसो etc. and अन्यथा गृह्णतः स्वप्नो निद्रा सत्त्वमजानता etc, expressly mentioning that they are Gauda( pada )'s. Similarly in his Brħadvärtika, Sureśvara quotes some of the Karikās, to the face of this evidence it is idle to deny that the Karikās in the first Prakarana were written by Gaudapāda,
