( 61 ) rent purposes. But when these states are gone we will find that only the three parts of the elements, red white and dark are there, these alone are of perma nent nature. Similarly all things in the world are effects of one or another of these tripie elements Proceeding Uddalaka said that the three celements being the material cause are not only responsible for all things in the world but in the form of embles they also sustain the human and other beings. We cat rice or some thing like that,drink water and take nourishing substances such as ghee and oil. These are said to belong to the three c!ements, earth. : ater and fire res pectively. Each of these, when taken in, undergoes a t'. ree fol change : onc p1rt of it becomes a gross ene, another a middle one, and the third a subtle Cne.‘The gross part ff food, says Uddalalka, ‘•forms cxcretion, the middle flash and the su'tle mind. The three parts of water form urire. blood and breath. while those of ghee form the bone, rarrow and the speech organ respectively. Illustrating the three subtle parts beco- ming mind, breath and speech, Uddalaka says :-just as the essence of curd (when churned comes up and be comes gh-e the essence of food water and ghee come up and formn mind breath and speech.' Uddalaka causes an experiment to be made in order to convince Svetaketu about the point he now explain ed. He afked his son to fast for a fortnight though he could take water so that he would not die, breath get- ting nourishment from water. On the sixteenth day he was asked to recite passages of the Vedas he had
