LOANWORDS IN SANSKRIT 381 ence of Dravidian on Sanskrit and more abundant results have been achieved. It is now possible to draw* up a considerable list of words in Sanskrit which can be traced either with certainty or with a high degree of probability to a Dravidian origin. This is illustrated by the following list: agurti 4 fragrant aloe wood ' : Ta. Ma. akil, Tu. agilu 4 id ankola- 4 Alangium hexapetalum ’ : Ta, arincil , Ma. arifinil
- id
anala- 4 fire-’: Ta. anal 4 fire; vb. to burn Ma. anal 1 fire ’ Ka. analu 4 heat arka - 4 Calotropis gigantea 1 : Ta. erukku, Ma. erikku, Ka. erke, ekke 4 id. . ulapa - ' bush, shrub, a kind of soft grass, a creeper ’ : Ta. ulavai 4 green twig with leaves on it, branch of a tree, grove, n. of various shrubs ulupin- 4 porpoise: Ka, unaci , Te. uluca, ulusa. ulukhala - ‘ mortar Ta. ulakkai 4 pestle Ma. ulakka , Ka. olake 4 id Te. rdkali 4 a large wooden pestle eda- 4 sheep, ram, wild goat ’ : Ta. ydtu, dtu 4 goat, sheep Ka. ddu 4 goat Tu. edu 4 id ', Te. eta 4 ram ', Go. etl 4 she* goat Brah. hot 4 id kanka- "heron': cf. Ta. Ma. Ka. kokku "crane, stork, heron Tu. kotngu 4 crane ’, Te. konga , Kuvi kongi 4 id kajjala- 4 soot, lampblack ': Ta. karical 4 blackness katu- 4 pungent, acrid, sharp ': Ta. katu 4 severe, pungent, sharp Ma. katu 4 extreme, impetuous, fierce katukka 4 to grow hard, sharp J , Ka. Te. T11. kadu 4 severe, intense etc. kathina - ' hard, firm, stiff ’ : Ta, katti 4 anything hardened, coagulated Ka. kadugu 4 to become hard ', gatti 4 firmness, hardness Tu. gatti 4 firm, hard Te. kaitidi 4 hard-hearted gatti 4 hard, firm kanra- 4 shoot of bamboo cf. Ka. karile 4 bamboo shoot J , Tu. kanile, Pa. karri, Kur. kharra 4 id Brah. kharring 4 to sprout kdka- 4 crow ': Ta. kdkkai , Ma. kdkka , Ka. kdke , Pa. kdkal , Kur. khdkhd. Malt, qdqe, Brah. khdkhd 4 id kdca- t kdja- 4 carrying yoke ' ; Ta. kd 4 id ’, kdvu 4 carry with yoke Pa. kdcal 4 carrying yoke r , kdn- 4 to carry with yoke Kui kdsa , Kuvi kdnju 4 carrying yoke kdncika-, kdnjika- 4 rice-gruel ’ : Ta. kanci, Ma. kanni, Ka. Tu. Te. ganji 4 id
