पृष्ठम्:The Sanskrit Language (T.Burrow).djvu/३४१

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THE VERB 335 sequent ambiguities were largely responsible for the develop- ment. All that remains of the root aorist in the classical lan- guage is the active inflection of certain roots in d ( dddt , etc.) and of bhu - (dbhut). In addition there are certain forms of the 2 and 3 middle of the root aorist (where the root terminates in a short vowel according to the grammarians) which in the later history of the language became heteroclitically attached to the s-aorist, e.g. we find 2 sg. dvrthds and 3 sg, dvrta forming part of the same paradigm with 1 sg. dvr si and 3 pi. dvrsata, etc. In the same way the middle forms quoted above from the roots da-, dhd-, sthd - with connecting vowel -i- are combined with -is- aorist forms to produce a series like sg. 1 a-sth-is-i, 2 d-sth-i-thds , 3 dsthita , The a- Aorist The form and conjugation of the a-aorist agrees with the imperfect accented a-class : dsicam, dsicas , dsicai , etc., cf. dtudam , dtudas , dtudat, etc. The stems agree in apophony, and also in accent, in the comparatively rare instances where the unaugmented aorist forms bear the accent : S. 1 ruhdm, 2 vidds , 3 dhrsdt, viddt, P. 3 dhvasdn, viddn , trpdn ; regularly in the participle trpdnt- dhrsant-, sucdnt etc., middle, sucdmdna-, etc. Correspondences with other languages attest the IE date of a number of such formations : dvidat, Gk. TSoy, inf. IStiv, Arm. egit ; drsan, Gk. eS pattov dricat, cf. Gk. eXnrov, Arm. elik 1 ; budhanta, cf, Gk. ihrvdovTo. At the same time there is some- times disagreement between languages in the assignment of a form to imperfect or aorist : Skt, ddasat impL ; Gk, ISa/coy aor. ; Skt. dbhujat impf. : Gk. epvye aor. The suffixal accent is retained in Greek in participles and infinitives (A lttljv, Xtrrelv), In addition to the regular type there are a number of a-aorists in Sanskrit whose form agrees rather with imperfects of the first class rather than of the sixth class since they have guna of root ; e.g. dsakam, dsanam, dsaram , akaras, dgamat, atanat, dsadat. This is the normal form of the tf-aorist for roots con- sisting of two consonants and the thematic vowel. Further- more where accent occurs these forms are accented like stems of the first present class. Examples of this are kdras , sdnat , srirat, dars am ( — the Gk. present stem SepKo^ai), gdman ,