THE VERB 309 Ilittite that this is not so. The Hittite terminations are : P. went, meni (with i appended as in Skt. masi) , S. wen, men . The variety with w- is related to the dual endings of other IE languages ; the forms with m- appear after u ( arnummeni ‘ we bring etc.) and the secondary form -men corresponds exactly with the Greek ending. In Indodranian this form of ending is traceable in Khotanese: hamdmane ‘ we may become ' (sub], mid.). 2 Plur . P. (a) bhdratha, cf. Av. xsayaOa, (b) vadathana 4 you speak S. (a) dbharata (impf.), bhdrata (impv.), cf. Gk. <f>ip€T€, Lat. ferte (impv.), Goth, bairip , O. SI. berete, (b) djahatana ‘ you abandoned hantana ‘ slay ' (impv.), cf. Hitt, kuenten pret, and impv. (kuen- ‘ slay ’). Pf. cakrd (hr- 4 to do J ), vidd. The primary endings with aspiration (- tha <tne) do not appear out- side Indo-Iranian. The other languages have normally one form which serves as both primary and secondary ending, and this corresponds to the secondary ending of Indo-Iranian. Hittite has evolved a distinction between primary and secondary ending here in quite a different way (P. teni, S. ten). The longer forms were analysed as tha-na and ta-na, the na being regarded as an appended particle, and the whole form as a Sanskrit innovation. In view of Hitt, -ten we should analyse rather -tan-a of which tan corresponds exactly to Hitt, -ten, and the a is simply a thematic enlargement such as is found elsewhere in the formation of words. The perfect form is properly without termination and nothing like it is found outside Indo-Iranian. 3 Plur. P. bhdranti, Gk. Dor. <f>epovn, sdnti „ Gk. Dor. ivrl, Lat. sunt, Goth, sind, O. SI. sgti (beside sgtu), Hitt. aSanzi ; ghndnti * they slay Hitt, kunanzi ; dddati ' they give cf. Gk. (Delph.) KadeoraKart, (Horn.) AeAoy^acrt. S. (a) abharan , Av. barm, Gk. e^pov ; (b) ddadur (impf.), ddhur (aor.), syur (opt.). Cf. Av. adard ‘ they made hydra 1 they might be jamyaras 4 they might come Hitt, wekir * they wished ekuer 4 they drank Pf. dsur 4 they were cf. Av. dykara, cikitur 1 they are aware of cf. Av. dikoitaras. Impv. bhdrantu, cf. Hitt, iyandu. The full form of the ending varied between -onti and -enti according to accentuation, like the variation between -mes and -mos in the 1 plur. Also due to accent is the weakening to -pti> ati which appears in Sanskrit and Greek. A corresponding w r eak form of the secondary ending, -at<nt, appears in Iranian : Av. dadat , jlgarazat . In such cases Sanskrit always has the
