पृष्ठम्:The Sanskrit Language (T.Burrow).djvu/२८१

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NUMERALS, PRONOUNS, IN DECLIN ABLES 275 there was originally an alternating stem *svajtva- after the fashion of syajtya The pronoun dma- 4 this one ' appears only in one ritual phrase. Elsewhere the stem appears only in the 0. Pers. adverb amata ' from there and possibly in the Vedic adverb amd 1 at home ' . The Vedic pronoun n&ma- ‘ a certain one, many a one ' is used in much the same sense as the pronoun tva- t and may be combined with it in phrases like ndma u tva aha ‘ one or the other said It is the stem of Skt. nema- 4 half Av. naema- ‘ half, side ’ used adjectivally, 4 he, they on the one side The unaccented sama- ‘ any, every * is likewise confined to the earliest language. It corresponds to Av. ham a- ' every Goth, sums 4 a certain one ', and it is ultimately derived from the IE root sent- * one An adverb samaha f somewhere, some- how ’ is derived from it. The pronoun simd- 1 oneself which is also confined to the Vedic language, has nothing exactly corresponding to it outside Sanskrit. In structure it can be compared to the pronominal stem imd-, simd- having the same relation to sun, for instance, as imd- to im. The stems a-, and- and imd form part of the ay dm declension, and are treated below. This form of declension is followed by a variety of adjectival stems, consisting partly of pronominal derivatives, and partly of certain other adjectives. The full pronominal declension with nom. acc. sg. nt. in -at is taken by any a- 4 other * (anydt, cf. Gk. aXXo, Lat. aliud ) and such pronominal derivatives as katard kaiamd-, yatard yatarna-, and itara- ( other Pro- nominal inflection, but with nom. acc. sg. nt. in -am is taken by such stems as vtsva- ‘ all ' (nom. pi. masc. visve, gen. pi. masc. neut. visvesam , etc. : Av. vispe , vispaesam) t sdrva- 1 all ' (Indo- Aryan development on the analogy of visva-) , ika- 4 one 4 (cf. Av. aevahmdt , etc., from aeva- 4 one ; ). Other adjectives which show declension of this type are certain comparatives and superlatives such as ddhara-, adhamd-, dniara- t antama-, dpara - t apamd- and the like, and a few other adjectives such as pUrva- 4 prior, east ddksina 4 right, south ' and ubhdya- ‘ of both kinds In this latter class there is considerable fluctuation of usage ; in some cases pronominal inflection is optional, and in others pronominal inflection only occurs in specific senses.