पृष्ठम्:The Sanskrit Language (T.Burrow).djvu/१७६

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THE FORMATION OF NOUNS 170 The adjectival formations are occasionally extended by the addition of suffixal n, abhimdtin - 1 insidious 1 ( abhimdti - ‘ id '), ratin ' liberal ' [rati 4 id '). Compare the similar extension in Latin in the action nouns. A suffix -hi is produced in the same way by the addition of u to the simple /-suffix. These are less numerous than the ti- stems, and morphologically less altered from the ancient system. There are for instance still a number of neuters pre- served : data ' division vdstu 4 abode 1 (Gk. (F)aarv ‘ city '), (j& vdstu 4 thing mdstu f sour cream 1 (cf. Gallo-Lat. mesga , Ir. " medg with different suffix). A neuter formation in -tu used adverbially appears in jatu 4 at all, ever These neuters have the regular radical accent, associated with guna, which is the characteristic of neuter action nouns. The same accent and guna appears also in the following masculines (this is the gender w T hich the non-neuter action nouns in -tu normally adopt ; con- trast the feminine ti- stems) : otu- ' weft tdntu- ‘ thread dhatu- ' element sdktu- ‘ groats situ- 4 bund, dam sotu- - c q 1 libation Occasionally suffixal accent appears : gdtu- 1 w r ay ', hetu- (but with guna of root) , pitii- 4 nourishment Guna of the first element of the suffix appears in edhatu - 4 welfare ', vahatu- ' wedding ' and kr-dtu- ' intelligence * (kf- ' to think, com- memorate '), There are very few feminines : vdstu - 4 morning sutu- ' giving birth pvAtu- ' life Agent nouns and adjectives are rare : mdntu- 4 councillor ’ and dhatu- ' suitable for sucking ’ do not have the proper adjec- tival accent, which contrasts with the formations in simple -u. Regular suffixal accent appears in tapyatu - * glowing ' and sisdsatu- ' desirous of obtaining The suffix -tu is a rich source of infinitives. These are regu- larly accented on the root which normally takes guna. They appear in the accusative, dative and genitive. (1) The accusative infinitive in -turn is the^only one used in The c lassica l language : kdrtum 4 to do gantum 1 to go ditum * to give irdiurft' to hear ', ndtum 4 to lead moktum ‘ to release etc., etc. In the Vedic language w r hich is rich in other kinds of infinitives, this formation is exceedingly rare, appearing in some five examples in the Rgveda, and in five others in the Atharvaveda . It is equivalent in form to the Latin supine, factum , itum, etc. (2) Over thirty dative infinitives formed with this suffix are