PHONOLOGY 1X7 indicating a strong stress element. In the later period this power was certainly lost and this agrees with what is known about the accent of Sanskrit and Greek. Beside the normal acute accent Indo-European possessed under certain circumstances a circumflex accent. This is clear from the agreement between Greek and Lithuanian, e. g. cir- cumflex accent in gen. sg. fem. Gk. deas, Lith. gerds, gen. pi. masc. Gk, 9eu>v, Lith. gent, instr. pi. masc. Gk, deols, Lith, vilkais, as opposed to acute accent in norn. sg. fem. Gk. 0ea. Lith. gero-ji ( gera ). In such cases Sanskrit has the ordinary udatta accent'as elsewhere, and it does not, as Indo-European did, distinguish between the two types of accent. The inde- pendent svarita which came to exist in Sanskrit as a separate type of main accent is, as we have seen, a post-Vedic creation and unconnected with differences of accent type in Indo- European. Nevertheless traces of the old circumflex have revealed them- selves in the Veda from a study of the .metre. In certain cases the metre makes it clear that a long d is to be pronounced di- syllabically, e.g. gam , dydm as gaam } dyaam, and the ter- mination of the genitive plural -dm as -aam. In such cases the corresponding Greek forms frequently have the circumflex accent, and this gives reason to believe that metrical pecul- iarity of the Veda is the effect of the circumflex accent of Indo- European.
