Surya-Siddhanta ii) the series of concentric Dontinents and oceans, but gives thern a place in the unknown southern hemisphere, while he regards arabidykpa as occupying the whole of the northern. 'The patoa, or interterranean cavities, spoken of in verse BB, are also an important feature of the Puranic geography. If our author has not had the good sense to reject them, along with the insular continents, he at leas( paBses them by with the riatest possible notice. In the Puragas they axe declared to be each of bhem 10,000 yojanas in वैepth, and thei> divisions, inhabitants, and productions are described with the same wid . culous detail as thoRe of the continents on the earth's surface. It will be observed that the text, alphough exhibiting n verse 41 a distinct apprehension of the fact thak the pole is situated to =he north wBrd of all points of the equator alike, yet, in describing the position of bha four great cities, speaks as if thors were a north direction to Mexa, in xhe continuation of the line drawn to the latter fom Lanka., शnd an east and west direction at right angles with this. For the terrestrial equator, considered as a line of circle upon the earth's surface, there is no distinctive name; it is referred to simply as the place <f of no latitude + {iracht, ®z/g}ahu) . 45. In the halfrevolution lbeginning with Arios, the sun, being in Bhe hemisphere of the gods, is visible to the gods: but while in that beginning with Libra, he is visible to the demons, moving in their hemisphere. 46. Hence, owing to his exceeding nearness, the rays of the sun are hot in bhe hemisphere of thie gode in summer, but in that of the dermony in winter : in the contrary season, they are suggish. 47. At the equinox, both gods and demons see the Sun in the horizon ; their day and night are mutually opposed to each other. 48. 'The Sun, rising at the first of Aries, while moving on northward for three signs, completes the former half-day of the wellers upon Meru; 49. In like manner, white moving through the three signs beginning with Cancer, he completes the latter half of their day : he accomplishes the same for the enemies of the gods while moving through the three sigms beginning with Libra and the three beginning with Capricorn, respectively. 50. Hence are their night and day mutually opposed to one another and the measure of bhe day and night is by the com. pletion of the sun's revolution.
