(}} Placetary objections 199 in digits, oorrespond with that of bhe planets in minutes. We do not think it would be difficult to understand the directions given in the text as meaning, in affect, that the two gnomons should be Bo stationed as to cast their shadow to the same point : it would be easy to do this, Since . at the time in question, thbo extremities of two shadows cast from one gmomon by the two stars would be in the spme north and south ne, and it would only be necessary to set the second gmomon as far south of the first is the end of the shndow cast by the southera star wa38 north of that cast by the other hen, if a hoo were unk in the ground at the point of inter section of Jhs two hadowsand a pBrson enabled to place his eye there, he would, at the proper moment, Bc6 both the planets with the same glance, and each at the apex of its own gnomon . In the eighteenth verse also we have ventured to disregard the authority of the commentator: he translates the words de८ulgat do i8d come within the phere of sight, while we understand by depletely¢t%, as in other cases (ii. 14, iii. 11), tho coincidence between observed and com- puted position Sach pa68ages as bix and the preceding are not without interest and value, aE exhibiting the FudeneSE of the Hindu methods of observation, and alk १५: Ahowi he urinmportant and nevely illustrative part whieh obsery. tion was means to play in their developed system of astronomy. | { 18 When there is contact of the stara, it is styled ‘ depiction (alekhan) ; when there is separation. ‘‘ division (BRedu) ; 18. An encounter (yadaha) is called yay-obiteration ' wwadc) when thoro is mutna mingling of rays : whem the terval is eas twn a degree, the encounter is named ff dexter ' (up0$a@g/c)-if, in this case, one be faint (7? ) 20. If the interval be more than a degree, it is f< conjun tion (a0ffgand), if both are undued with power (bala), One that is vanquished (ita. in a dexter encounter (pu$g. ५१ddha) one that is covered, faint (v), destitute of brillianty, 21. One that is rough, eolorless, struck down (oidhoost) situated to the south, is utterly vanquished (wijita}. One situated to the north, having brilliancy, large, is victor (icin)-and even in the Both if poFwerful (bulin). 22. Even when closely approached, if bobh are brilliant, it is f* conjunction ' (8amfig) : if the two are very small, and
